The Bone cancer presents a significant challenge for modern medicine due to its high occurrence rate and the complex variety of malignant lesions that develop in bone tissue. Currently, available treatments are mostly non-curative, focusing instead on extending patient survival and improving quality of life. However, both drug and surgical interventions are often accompanied by numerous side effects and can lead to disabilities due to the degradation of healthy bone's structural and functional integrity. This has spurred extensive research into developing innovative biomaterials that can target and inhibit bone cancer progression while minimizing the structural loss caused by local tumor invasion. This review explores the latest advancements in biomaterials for treating bone cancer, beginning with an overview of natural bone remodeling processes, the development of bone metastasis, and osteosarcoma. It then examines recent progress in nano carrier-based drug delivery systems and highlights the potential of novel, multifunctional biomaterials for bone cancer treatment. Finally, the review addresses current limitations and considers future directions for integrating these approaches into clinical practice.